Nyob rau hauv kev lag luam photovoltaic, perovskite tau kub xav tau nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no.Qhov laj thawj yog vim li cas nws tau tshwm sim ua "nyiam" hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub hnub ci yog vim nws cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb.Calcium titanium ore muaj ntau yam zoo heev photovoltaic, txheej txheem kev npaj yooj yim, thiab ntau yam khoom siv raw thiab ntau cov ntsiab lus.Tsis tas li ntawd, perovskite tseem tuaj yeem siv rau hauv av fais fab nroj tsuag, aviation, kev tsim kho, siv hluav taws xob tsim khoom siv thiab ntau lwm yam.
Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 21, Ningde Times tau thov rau patent ntawm "calcium titanite solar cell thiab nws txoj kev npaj thiab lub zog hluav taws xob".Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov kev cai hauv tsev thiab kev ntsuas, kev lag luam calcium-titanium ore, sawv cev los ntawm calcium-titanium ore hnub ci hlwb, tau ua haujlwm zoo.Yog li dab tsi yog perovskite?Yuav ua li cas yog lub industrialization ntawm perovskite?Puas tseem ntsib teeb meem?Science thiab Technology Daily reporter xam phaj cov kws tshaj lij.
Perovskite tsis yog calcium lossis titanium.
Lub npe hu ua perovskites tsis yog calcium lossis titanium, tab sis lub ntsiab lus dav dav rau chav kawm ntawm "ceramic oxides" nrog tib lub qauv siv lead ua, nrog rau cov mis molecular ABX3.A stands rau "loj radius cation", B rau "hlau cation" thiab X rau "halogen anion".A stands rau "loj radius cation", B stands rau "metal cation" thiab X stands rau "halogen anion".Peb cov ions no tuaj yeem nthuav tawm ntau lub cev zoo kawg nkaus los ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv lossis los ntawm kev kho qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lawv, suav nrog tab sis tsis txwv rau kev rwb thaiv tsev, ferroelectricity, antiferromagnetism, cov nyhuv magnet loj heev, thiab lwm yam.
"Raws li cov khoom muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom, perovskites tuaj yeem faib ua peb pawg: complex hlau oxide perovskites, organic hybrid perovskites, thiab inorganic halogenated perovskites."Luo Jingshan, tus xibfwb ntawm Nankai University Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Cov Ntaub Ntawv Hluav Taws Xob thiab Kho qhov muag, tau qhia tias calcium titanites tam sim no siv hauv photovoltaics feem ntau yog ob lub tom kawg.
perovskite tuaj yeem siv tau rau ntau qhov chaw xws li cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob hauv av, aerospace, kev tsim kho, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob.Ntawm lawv, photovoltaic teb yog lub ntsiab daim ntawv thov cheeb tsam ntawm perovskite.Calcium titanite cov qauv tsim tau zoo heev thiab muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm photovoltaic, uas yog cov kev tshawb fawb nrov hauv thaj chaw photovoltaic hauv xyoo tas los no.
Lub industrialization ntawm perovskite yog accelerating, thiab domestic lag luam yog sib tw rau lub layout.Nws tau tshaj tawm tias thawj 5,000 daim ntawm calcium titanium ore modules xa los ntawm Hangzhou Fina Photoelectric Technology Co., Ltd;Renshuo Photovoltaic (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. kuj tseem ua rau kev tsim kho ntawm lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws 150 MW tag nrho calcium titanium ore laminated tsav kab;Kunshan GCL Photoelectric Materials Co. Ltd. 150 MW calcium-titanium ore photovoltaic module ntau lawm kab tau ua tiav thiab muab tso rau hauv kev ua haujlwm thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2022, thiab cov khoom tsim tawm txhua xyoo tuaj yeem ncav cuag 300 lab yuan tom qab ncav cuag ntau lawm.
Calcium titanium ore muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev lag luam photovoltaic
Nyob rau hauv kev lag luam photovoltaic, perovskite tau kub xav tau nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no.Qhov laj thawj yog vim li cas nws tau tshwm sim ua "nyiam" hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub hnub ci yog vim nws tus kheej cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb.
"Ua ntej, perovskite muaj ntau yam zoo heev optoelectronic zog, xws li adjustable band sib txawv, siab absorption coefficient, tsis tshua muaj exciton binding zog, siab cab kuj, siab tsis xws luag kam rau ua, thiab lwm yam.;Qhov thib ob, kev npaj cov txheej txheem ntawm perovskite yog qhov yooj yim thiab tuaj yeem ua tiav translucency, ultra-lightness, ultra-thinness, yooj, thiab lwm yam. Thaum kawg, perovskite raw cov ntaub ntawv muaj dav thiab ntau. "Luo Jingshan qhia.Thiab qhov kev npaj ntawm perovskite kuj yuav tsum tau kuj tsis tshua muaj purity ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv.
Tam sim no, PV teb siv ntau ntawm silicon-based solar cells, uas tuaj yeem muab faib ua monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, thiab amorphous silicon solar cells.Lub theoretical photoelectric hloov dua siab tshiab ncej ntawm crystalline silicon hlwb yog 29.4%, thiab qhov chaw kuaj tam sim no tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 26.7%, uas yog ze heev rau lub qab nthab ntawm kev hloov dua siab tshiab;Nws yog qhov pom tau tias qhov kev nce qib ntawm kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis tseem yuav dhau los ua me thiab me dua.Nyob rau hauv sib piv, lub photovoltaic hloov dua siab tshiab efficiency ntawm perovskite hlwb muaj ib tug ntau dua theoretical ncej tus nqi ntawm 33%, thiab yog hais tias ob lub perovskite hlwb stacked nce thiab nqis ua ke, theoretical conversion efficiency yuav ncav cuag 45%.
Ntxiv rau "kev ua tau zoo", lwm qhov tseem ceeb yog "tus nqi".Piv txwv li, yog vim li cas vim li cas tus nqi ntawm thawj tiam ntawm cov roj teeb nyias nyias tsis tuaj yeem nqis los yog qhov chaw cia ntawm cadmium thiab gallium, uas yog cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv ntiaj teb, tsawg dhau, thiab vim li ntawd, kev lag luam tsim ntau dua. yog, qhov xav tau ntau dua, ntau dua tus nqi tsim khoom, thiab nws yeej tsis tuaj yeem dhau los ua cov khoom lag luam tseem ceeb.Cov ntaub ntawv raw ntawm perovskite tau muab faib ua ntau ntau hauv ntiaj teb, thiab tus nqi kuj pheej yig heev.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub thickness ntawm calcium-titanium ore txheej rau calcium-titanium ore roj teeb tsuas yog ob peb puas nanometers, txog 1/500th ntawm silicon wafers, uas txhais tau hais tias qhov kev thov rau cov khoom siv tsawg heev.Piv txwv li, tam sim no lub ntiaj teb no thov rau cov khoom siv silicon rau crystalline silicon hlwb yog hais txog 500,000 tons ib xyoo, thiab yog hais tias tag nrho cov ntawm lawv hloov nrog perovskite hlwb, tsuas yog hais txog 1,000 tons ntawm perovskite yuav tsum tau.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tsim cov nqi, crystalline silicon hlwb yuav tsum tau silicon purification rau 99.9999%, yog li silicon yuav tsum tau rhuab mus rau 1400 degrees Celsius, melted rau hauv cov kua, kos rau hauv ib puag ncig rods thiab slices, thiab ces sib sau ua ke rau hauv hlwb, muaj tsawg kawg yog plaub factories thiab ob. mus rau peb hnub nyob nruab nrab, thiab siv zog ntau dua.Nyob rau hauv sib piv, rau zus tau tej cov perovskite hlwb, nws tsuas yog yuav tsum tau siv cov perovskite puag kua rau lub substrate thiab tos rau crystallization.Tag nrho cov txheej txheem tsuas yog suav nrog iav, nplaum zaj duab xis, perovskite thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj, thiab tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv ib lub Hoobkas, thiab tag nrho cov txheej txheem tsuas yog siv li 45 feeb xwb.
"Lub hnub ci hlwb npaj los ntawm perovskite muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws photoelectric conversion efficiency, uas tau mus txog 25.7% nyob rau theem no, thiab tej zaum yuav hloov ib txwm silicon-raws li hnub ci hlwb nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej los ua lag luam mainstream."Luo Jingshan tau hais.
Muaj peb qhov teeb meem loj uas yuav tsum tau daws los txhawb kev lag luam
Nyob rau hauv kev ua kom muaj kev lag luam ntawm chalcocite, tib neeg tseem yuav tsum tau daws 3 qhov teeb meem, uas yog lub sijhawm ntev ntawm kev ruaj ntseg ntawm chalcocite, kev npaj loj hauv cheeb tsam thiab toxicity ntawm txhuas.
Ua ntej, perovskite yog rhiab heev rau ib puag ncig, thiab tej yam xws li kub, av noo, lub teeb, thiab Circuit Court load yuav ua rau lub decomposition ntawm perovskite thiab txo cov cell efficiency.Tam sim no feem ntau cov chav kuaj perovskite tsis tau raws li IEC 61215 tus qauv thoob ntiaj teb rau cov khoom lag luam photovoltaic, thiab lawv tsis ncav cuag 10-20 xyoo lub neej ntawm silicon hnub ci hlwb, yog li tus nqi ntawm perovskite tseem tsis tau zoo nyob rau hauv cov tsoos photovoltaic teb.Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem degradation ntawm perovskite thiab nws cov cuab yeej yog qhov nyuaj heev, thiab tsis muaj kev nkag siab meej meej ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv thaj teb, thiab tsis muaj cov qauv kev sib koom ua ke, uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau kev tshawb fawb kev ruaj ntseg.
Lwm qhov teeb meem loj yog yuav ua li cas npaj lawv ntawm qhov loj.Tam sim no, thaum cov cuab yeej optimization kev tshawb fawb tau ua nyob rau hauv lub chaw soj nstuam, lub teeb pom kev zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej siv feem ntau yog tsawg tshaj li 1 cm2, thiab thaum nws los txog rau lub lag luam daim ntawv thov theem ntawm loj-scale Cheebtsam, lub chaw soj nstuam npaj txoj kev yuav tsum tau txhim kho. los yog hloov.Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb tam sim no muaj feem xyuam rau kev npaj cov yeeb yaj kiab loj hauv cheeb tsam perovskite yog txoj kev daws teeb meem thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev evaporation.Hauv txoj kev daws teeb meem, qhov concentration thiab qhov sib piv ntawm cov tshuaj precursor, hom hnyav, thiab lub sijhawm cia muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau cov yeeb yaj kiab perovskite.Nqus evaporation txoj kev npaj tau zoo thiab tswj tau deposition ntawm perovskite films, tab sis nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau ua tiav kev sib cuag ntawm precursors thiab substrates.Tsis tas li ntawd, vim hais tias tus nqi thauj khoom ntawm cov khoom siv perovskite tseem yuav tsum tau npaj rau hauv thaj chaw loj, cov kab ntau lawm nrog kev tso tawm tas li ntawm txhua txheej yuav tsum tau tsim hauv kev tsim khoom.Zuag qhia tag nrho, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj loj hauv cheeb tsam ntawm perovskite nyias films tseem xav tau kev txhim kho ntxiv.
Thaum kawg, toxicity ntawm txhuas kuj yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm kev txhawj xeeb.Thaum lub sij hawm kev laus ntawm cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob zoo tam sim no, perovskite yuav decompose los tsim cov hlau lead dawb thiab cov hlau lead monomers, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv thaum lawv nkag mus rau tib neeg lub cev.
Luo Jingshan ntseeg tias cov teeb meem xws li kev ruaj ntseg tuaj yeem daws tau los ntawm kev ntim khoom."Yog tias yav tom ntej, ob qhov teeb meem no tau daws, kuj tseem muaj cov txheej txheem kev npaj ua tiav, tseem tuaj yeem ua cov khoom siv perovskite rau hauv cov iav translucent los yog ua rau saum npoo ntawm cov tuam tsev kom ua tiav kev sib koom ua ke ntawm photovoltaic, los yog ua rau cov khoom siv foldable rau aerospace thiab lwm cov teb, yog li ntawd perovskite nyob rau hauv qhov chaw tsis muaj dej thiab oxygen ib puag ncig los ua lub luag haujlwm siab tshaj plaws. "Luo Jingshan ntseeg siab txog lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm perovskite.
Post lub sij hawm: Apr-15-2023